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Role of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Sickle Cell Trait and Disease

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Abstract

Sickle cell disease is a class of hemoglobinopathy in humans, which is the most common inherited disease in the world. Although complications of sickle cell disease start from polymerization of red blood cells during its deoxygenating phase, the oxidative stress resulting from the biological processes associated with this disease (ischaemic and hypoxic injuries, hemolysis and inflammation) has been shown to contribute to its pathophysiology. It is widely known that chronic exercise reduces oxidative stress in healthy people, mainly via improvement of antioxidant enzyme efficiency. In addition, recent studies in other diseases, as well as in sickle cell trait carriers and in a mouse model of sickle cell disease, have shown that regular physical activity could decrease oxidative stress. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of oxidative stress in sickle cell disease and the effects of acute and chronic exercise on the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. EA 647 Centre de Recherche et d’Innovation sur le Sport, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne, France

    Erica N. Chirico, Camille Faës, Philippe Connes, Cyril Martin & Vincent Pialoux

  2. Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Nutrition (CarMeN INSERM U-1060), Faculty of Medicine Lyon Sud, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France

    Erica N. Chirico & Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas

  3. Laboratory of Excellence in Red Blood Cell (LABEX GR-Ex), PRES Sorbonne, Paris, France

    Camille Faës, Philippe Connes, Cyril Martin & Vincent Pialoux

  4. Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France

    Philippe Connes & Vincent Pialoux

Authors
  1. Erica N. Chirico
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  2. Camille Faës
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  3. Philippe Connes
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  4. Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas
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  5. Cyril Martin
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  6. Vincent Pialoux
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Correspondence to Vincent Pialoux.

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Erica Chirico, Camille Faës, Philippe Connes, Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas, Cyril Martin and Vincent Pialoux declare that they have no conflicts of interest that are relevant to the content of this review.

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Chirico, E.N., Faës, C., Connes, P. et al. Role of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Sickle Cell Trait and Disease. Sports Med 46, 629–639 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0447-z

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