In both hyponatremia and hypernatremia, the sodium value (numerator) appears the most
deranged. However, it is the changes in water content (denominator) that is most …

In physiologic terms, water diuresis has two components, the ability to excrete a large
volume of water and the need to 'desalinate'this urine. The basic concept is that nephron …

The urine‐concentrating mechanism performs one of the most essential functions in water
and electrolyte metabolism and serves primarily to maintain extracellular osmolality within a …

OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to determine whether the hydro‐osmotic
action of arginine vasopressin (AVP) is exaggerated in pathological states of impaired water …

Background. It has been suggested that urinary excretion of the vasopressin‐dependent
water channel of the kidney collecting duct, aquaporin‐2 (AQP2), reflects renal vasopressin …

Impaired water excretion occurs in patients with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of
antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), adrenal insufficiency, congestive heart failure and liver …

Impaired urinary dilution leading to water retention and hyponatremia may occur in patients
with cardiac failure, cirrhosis, pregnancy, oxytocin administration, hypothyroidism …

The maintenance of the tonicity of body fluids within a narrow physiologic range is made
possible by homeostatic mechanisms that control the intake and excretion of water …

The maintenance of the tonicity of body fluids within a narrow physiologic range is made
possible by homeostatic mechanisms that control the intake and excretion of water …

The degree of water transport via aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channels in renal collecting
duct principal cells is reflected by the level of the urinary excretion of AQP2 (u-AQP2). In rats …