<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owaja, Claire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roback-Navarro, Evelyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iwai, Naomi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lerret, Nadine</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperglycemia Activates the CD27-CD70 Axis on Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019-10-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">131-137</style></pages><doi><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.29074/ascls.2019002089</style></doi><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity is now strongly associated with chronic low-grade inflammation that, without intervention, contributes to the development of prediabetes and eventually type 2 diabetes. Although the exact mechanism that inflammation plays in the pathogenesis from obesity to type 2 diabetes is unclear, activated immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines have been found in the adipose tissue of people with type 2 diabetes, implicating their role in the disease process. The CD27-CD70 pathway provides a crucial inflammatory costimulatory signal, with CD70 being expressed on activated antigen-presenting cells and CD27 expressed on lymphocytes. Although the CD27-CD70 axis is being explored in other models of chronic inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis and colitis, the role played in type 2 diabetes remains unknown. This article reports the downregulation of CD27 on CD4 T cells when cocultured with dendritic cells primed in increasing concentrations of glucose, indicating an effector phenotype of these T cells. Importantly, it is also highlighted that CD70 is concurrently upregulated on dendritic cells primed in high concentrations of glucose, which results in increased production of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor α by the CD70 expressing dendritic cells when compared with dendritic cells primed in a lower concentration of glucose. These results reveal a novel role for CD27-CD70 interactions in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and provide support for future investigations into this pathway. Additionally, CD27 could be analyzed to further stratify patients with prediabetes and guide diagnosticians towards the most efficient therapy.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>