Common markers used in screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of CRC
| Common Markers for CRC | ||
|---|---|---|
| Marker | Description | Notes |
| CEA | Carcinoembryonic antigen | Serum or IHC (tumor), nonspecific. Monitor response to therapy |
| CRP | C-reactive protein | Serum, nonspecific inflammation |
| AE1/AE3 | Pancytokeratin | IHC, tumor of epithelial origin (carcinoma) |
| CK7 | Cytokeratin 7 | IHC, CRC negative (differentiation from other tumor types) |
| CK20 | Cytokeratin 20 | IHC, CRC positive (differentiation from other tumor types) |
| MUC2 | Mucin 2 | IHC, mucinous CRC |
| AMACR | α-Methyacyl-CoA racemase | IHC, increased in some CRC |
| Ki-67 | Ki-67 nuclear protein | IHC, marker of proliferation |
| APC | Adenomatous polyposis coli | IHC, tumor suppressor protein |
| p53 | Phosphoprotein p53 | IHC, tumor suppressor protein |
| B-Raf | B-Raf protein kinase | Serum, IHC, genetic screening (proto-oncogene) |
| K-Ras | K-Ras GTPase | Serum, IHC, genetic screening (proto-oncogene) |
| MMR | Mismatch repair proteins | Serum, IHC, genetic screening (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) |