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Research ArticleResearch and Reports

Abnormal Biomarkers at Rest in Individuals with Sickle Cell Trait

Tim R. Randolph and Mark R. Vanzo
American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science July 2019, 32 (3) 116-121; DOI: https://doi.org/10.29074/ascls.2019001644
Tim R. Randolph
Saint Louis University
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Mark R. Vanzo
Saint Louis University
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    Figure 1.

    CK biomarkers in SCT.

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    Figure 2.

    TP biomarkers in SCT.

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    Figure 3.

    Haptoglobin biomarkers in SCT.

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    Table 1.

    Positive D-dimer and fibrin monomer results

    AS Group*
    TestPatient 1Patient 2Patient 3Patient 4Total Positive
    D-dimer3/4 positive0/4 positive2/4 positive4/4 positive9/16 = 56.3%
    Fibrin monomer0/4 positive1/4 positive0/4 positive1/4 positive2/16 = 12.5%

    D-dimer and fibrin monomer results for the AS group (SCT) using an agglutination method. Results were reported as the number of positive results per total tests performed.

    * All D-dimer and fibrin monomer tests had negative results in all 4 AA patients at all 4 time points.

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      Table 2.

      Estimated concentration of D-dimer in positive-result AS samples

      Patient
      Number
      Sample
      Number
      No
      Dilution
      1:2
      Dilution
      1:4
      Dilution
      Estimated
      Concentration
      AS patient #1Sample #1NegativeN/AN/A<1.0 μg/mL
      Sample #2PositivePositiveNegative2–4 μg/mL
      Sample #3PositivePositiveNegative2–4 μg/mL
      Sample #4PositivePositiveNegative2–4 μg/mL
      AS patient #2Sample #1NegativeN/AN/A<1.0 μg/mL
      Sample #2NegativeN/AN/A<1.0 μg/mL
      Sample #3NegativeN/AN/A<1.0 μg/mL
      Sample #4NegativeN/AN/A<1.0 μg/mL
      AS patient #3Sample #1PositivePositiveNegative2–4 μg/mL
      Sample #2PositivePositiveNegative2–4 μg/mL
      Sample #3NegativeN/AN/A<1.0 μg/mL
      Sample #4NegativeN/AN/A<1.0 μg/mL
      AS patient #4Sample #1PositiveNegativeN/A1–2 μg/mL
      Sample #2PositivePositiveNegative2–4 μg/mL
      Sample #3PositivePositivePositive4–8 μg/mL
      Sample #4PositivePositivePositive4–8 μg/mL

      Concentration is estimated based on the highest dilution that produced agglutination.

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      American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science: 32 (3)
      American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
      Vol. 32, Issue 3
      1 Jul 2019
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      Abnormal Biomarkers at Rest in Individuals with Sickle Cell Trait
      Tim R. Randolph, Mark R. Vanzo
      American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Jul 2019, 32 (3) 116-121; DOI: 10.29074/ascls.2019001644

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      Abnormal Biomarkers at Rest in Individuals with Sickle Cell Trait
      Tim R. Randolph, Mark R. Vanzo
      American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Jul 2019, 32 (3) 116-121; DOI: 10.29074/ascls.2019001644
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      Keywords

      • CK - creatine kinase
      • CRP - C-reactive protein
      • D-dimer - dimerized plasmin fragment D
      • ECAST - exercise collapse associated with sickle cell trait
      • ERD - exercise-related death
      • NCAA - National Collegiate Athletic Association
      • SCD - sickle cell disease
      • SCT - sickle cell trait
      • TP - total protein

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